Kab lus no yuav muaj ib daim ntawv qhia uas koj tuaj yeem hloov kho Debian 8 mus rau version 9. Nws yuav muab faib ua ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua kom xwm yeem. Tsis tas li, rau koj kom yooj yim, koj yuav tsum nthuav tawm nrog cov lus qhia yooj yim rau kev ua txhua qhov kev piav qhia. Kom ceev faj.
Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Debian OS Txawj Ntse
Thaum nws los txog rau kev hloov kho cov kab ke, kev ceev faj yuav tsis ua superfluous. Vim tias qhov tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem lwv tawm ntawm daim disk, koj yuav tsum paub txog koj cov kev ua. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub zoo tshaj plaws, tus neeg siv tsis paub dhau los uas ua xyem xyav nws lub zog yuav tsum hnyav qhov zoo thiab tsis pom zoo, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub loj - nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua raws nraim cov lus qhia uas tau hais tseg hauv qab no.
Kauj Ruam 1: Kev Ceev Faj
Ua ntej pib, koj yuav tsum ceev faj thaum thim txhua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, yog tias koj siv lawv, vim tias thaum tsis ua tiav koj tsuas tsis tuaj yeem rov kho lawv.
Cov laj thawj rau qhov kev ceeb toom no yog Debian9 siv cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv tag. MySQL, uas tau nruab rau hauv Debian 8 OS, alas, tsis sib haum nrog MariaDB database hauv Debian 9, yog li yog qhov hloov tshiab tsis dhau, txhua cov ntaub ntawv yuav ploj.
Thawj kauj ruam yog kom pom qhov twg OS OS uas koj siv tam sim no. Peb muaj cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm lub xaib.
Ntau: Yuav ua li cas thiaj nrhiav tau tawm ntawm Linux cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm version
Kauj Ruam 2: Npaj rau kev hloov kho dua tshiab
Txhawm rau kom txhua yam ua tiav, koj yuav tsum ua kom koj muaj kev nkag mus rau tag nrho cov kho tshiab kawg rau koj cov kev ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem ua li no los ntawm kev ua peb nqe lus txib no:
sudo apt-tau hloov tshiab
sudo apt-tau nce qib
sudo apt-tau dist-txawj tej yam ntxiv
Yog tias nws tshwm sim tias koj lub khoos phis tawm muaj software thib peb uas tsis suav nrog ib qho ntawm cov pob khoom lossis tau ntxiv rau hauv qhov system los ntawm lwm cov khoom siv, qhov no ho txo lub sijhawm tsis muaj qhov yuam kev-ua tsis tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem hloov tshiab. Txhua daim ntawv thov no ntawm lub koos pis tawj tuaj yeem taug nrog cov lus txib no:
aptitude nrhiav '~ o'
Koj yuav tsum tshem lawv txhua tus, thiab tom qab ntawd, siv cov lus txib hauv qab no, xyuas seb txhua pob puas tau teeb tsa kom raug thiab yog tias muaj teeb meem hauv lub system:
dpkg -C
Yog hais tias tom qab ua tiav cov lus txib hauv "Chaw Nres Tsheb" tsis muaj ib yam tshwm sim, tom qab ntawv tsis muaj qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb hauv cov pob khoom nruab. Thaum muaj teeb meem pom hauv lub system, lawv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm, thiab tom qab ntawd rov pib kho lub computer siv cov lus txib:
reboot
Kauj ruam 3: Teeb
Phau ntawv qhia no tsuas piav qhia phau ntawv sau qhia txog lub cev, uas txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum hloov tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntim. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm qhib cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
Nco tseg: nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, vi nqi hluav taws xob yuav siv los qhib cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog cov ntawv kho teeb tsa tau nruab rau hauv txhua Linux faib los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Nws tsis muaj lub graphical interface, yog li nws yuav nyuaj rau tus neeg siv dog dig los kho cov ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm tus editor, piv txwv li, GEdit. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum hloov lo lus txib "vi" nrog "gedit".
Hauv cov ntawv qhib uas, koj yuav tsum hloov pauv txhua lo lus "Jessie" (codename Debian8) rau "Ncab" (codename Debian9). Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum zoo li no:
vi /etc/apt/sources.list
deb //httpredir.debian.org/debian stretch lub ntsiab contrib
deb //security.debian.org/ stretch / updates lub ntsiab
Nco tseg: kev hloov txheej txheem tuaj yeem hloov kho tau yooj yim los ntawm kev siv SED kev siv hluav taws xob yooj yim thiab kev ua raws li cov lus hauv qab no.
sed -i 's / jessie / ncab / g' /etc/apt/sources.list
Tom qab txhua txoj kev ua tiav, ua siab loj pib kho lub chaw khaws ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ua "Chaw Nres Tsheb" txib:
apt hloov tshiab
Ib qho piv txwv:
Kauj Ruam 4: Kev Nruab
Txhawm rau kom tiav qhov tshiab OS, koj yuav tsum paub tseeb tias koj muaj chaw txaus ntawm lub hard drive. Khiav qhov hais kom ua ntej:
Apt -o APT :: Tau: = Tsis Txaus - Tsuas yog = muaj tseeb dist-txawj tej yam ntxiv
Ib qho piv txwv:
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tshawb xyuas lub hauv paus nplaub tshev. Ua qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus txib:
df -H
Cov lus qhia: txhawm rau kom paub sai li lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa ntsia los ntawm cov npe uas tshwm sim, them sai sai rau kem “Rau hauv” (1)Cov. Pom txoj kab nrog kev kos npe rau hauv “/” (2) - qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub system. Nws tshua tsuas yog saib ib qho me ntsis rau sab laug ntawm kab mus rau kab ntawv "Dost" (3), qhov twg cov chaw seem dawb tau qhia.
Thiab tsuas yog tom qab tag nrho cov kev npaj no koj tuaj yeem pib hloov tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus txib hauv qab no:
apt hloov khoom dua tshiab
apt dist-txawj tej yam ntxiv
Tom qab qhov kev tos ntev ntev, cov txheej txheem yuav xaus thiab koj tuaj yeem nyab xeeb kom rov ua qhov system nrog cov lus txib zoo:
reboot
Kauj ruam 5: Kev tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb
Tam sim no koj lub kaw lus Debian tau ua tiav cov kev hloov kho tshiab lawm, txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog hauv rooj plaub, muaj ob peb yam los kuaj kom nyob ntsiag to:
- Ntsiav version siv qhov hais kom ua:
uname -mrsIb qho piv txwv:
- Qhov faib version siv cov lus txib:
lsb_tso -aIb qho piv txwv:
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov pob khoom dhau los los ntawm kev ua haujlwm khiav cov lus txib:
aptitude nrhiav '~ o'
Yog hais tias cov ntsiav thiab kev faib khoom sib haum xa mus rau Debian 9, thiab tsis muaj cov pob khoom uas pom lawm, ces qhov no txhais tau tias qhov kev hloov kho ntawm cov ua tiav tau zoo.
Xaus
Hloov kho Debian 8 mus rau tshooj 9 yog qhov kev txiav txim siab hnyav, tab sis nws txoj kev ua tiav zoo tsuas yog ua raws li txhua cov lus qhia saum toj no. Thaum kawg, kuv xav kos lub ntsiab lus hais tias qhov hloov tshiab ntawm lub sijhawm yog qhov ntev heev, vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv ntau yuav rub tawm ntawm lub network, txawm li cas los xij, tus txheej txheem no tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, tsis li ntawd kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub operating system yuav tsis tuaj yeem.
