Txhim kho qhov haujlwm ntawm CentOS 7 yog txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem nrog lwm cov kev faib tawm raws li Linux kernel, yog li txawm tias cov neeg siv kev paub dhau los yuav ntsib ntau yam teeb meem thaum ua txoj haujlwm no. Ntxiv rau, lub kaw lus tau teeb tsa raws nraim thaum kev teeb tsa. Txawm hais tias nws muaj peev xwm los kho nws tom qab ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem no, tsab xov xwm yuav muab cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa.
Nyeem kuj:
Txhim Kho Debian 9
Nruab Linux Mint
Nruab Ubuntu
Nruab thiab teeb tsa CentOS 7
CentOS 7 tuaj yeem ntsia tau los ntawm USB flash drive lossis CD / DVD, yog li npaj koj tsav rau tsawg kawg 2 GB ua ntej.
Nws yog tsim nyog ua ib qho tseem ceeb sau tseg: ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev siv ntawm txhua kab lus ntawm kev qhia, txij li ntxiv rau qhov kev teeb tsa li ib txwm, koj yuav teeb tsa lub neej yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj tsis quav ntsej qee qhov tsis xws lossis teeb tsa lawv tsis raug, tom qab koj khiav CentOS 7 ntawm koj lub computer, koj yuav ntsib ntau yam yuam kev.
Kauj ruam 1: Rub tawm hauv txoj kev faib khoom
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum rub lub operating system nws tus kheej. Nws raug nquahu kom ua qhov no los ntawm lub vev xaib raug xwm txheej kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem hauv qhov system. Ntxiv rau, qhov chaw tsis txaus ntseeg yuav muaj OS cov duab uas tau kis nrog kab mob.
Rub tawm CentOS 7 los ntawm cov xaib site
Los ntawm txhaj rau cov ntawv txuas rau saum toj no, koj yuav raug coj mus rau nplooj ntawv rau xaiv cov ntawv faib khoom.
Thaum xaiv, tsim rau ntawm qhov ntim ntawm koj lub tsav. Yog li yog tias nws tuav 16 GB, xaiv "Txhua yam ISO", yog li koj yuav nruab qhov kev ua haujlwm nrog txhua lub txheej txheem ib zaug.
Nco tseg: yog tias koj npaj siab yuav nruab CentOS 7 yam tsis muaj kev siv Is Taws Nem, koj yuav tsum xaiv hom no.
Version "DVD ISO" Nws hnyav txog 3.5 GB, yog li download tau nws yog tias koj muaj USB flash drive lossis disk nrog tsawg kawg 4 GB. "Tsawg tsawg ISO" - Kev xa khoom me me tshaj plaws. Nws hnyav txog 1 GB, vim nws tsis muaj ntau lub Cheebtsam, piv txwv li, tsis muaj kev xaiv ntawm graphical ib puag ncig, uas yog, yog tias koj tsis muaj kev sib txuas hauv Is Taws Nem, ces koj yuav teeb tsa server version ntawm CentOS 7.
Nco tseg: tom qab lub network tau teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem nruab lub desktop graphical plhaub los ntawm server version ntawm OS.
Muaj kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov version ntawm lub operating system, nyem lub khawm tsim nyog ntawm lub xaib. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav mus rau nplooj ntawv rau xaiv daim iav los ntawm lub kaw lus yuav tau ntim.
Nws raug nquahu kom thauj cov OS siv cov txuas hauv uas nyob hauv pawg "Tebchaws Tiag"Qhov no yuav ua kom paub tseeb tshaj plaws rub tawm.
Kauj Ruam 2: tsim ib tus qauv tsav
Tam sim ntawd tom qab faib duab tau rub mus rau lub khoos phis tawm, nws yuav tsum sau rau tsav. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem siv ib qho USB flash drive lossis CD / DVD. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua tiav txoj haujlwm no, koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog txhua tus ntawm lawv lub vev xaib.
Ntxiv:
Peb sau OS cov duab los rau USB flash drive
Hlawv cov duab OS pov rau disk
Kauj ruam 3: Pib lub PC los ntawm kev tsav tuaj yeem
Thaum koj twb muaj tsav nrog lub kaw CentOS 7 duab ntawm koj txhais tes, koj yuav tsum ntsaws nws rau hauv koj lub PC thiab pib nws. Hauv txhua lub khoos phis tawm, qhov no ua tiav sib txawv, nws nyob ntawm BIOS version. Hauv qab no yog kev txuas rau txhua qhov tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv, uas qhia txog yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab rau BIOS version thiab yuav pib siv computer los ntawm tsav.
Ntxiv:
Rub tawm PC ntawm tsav
Nrhiav kom paub lub BIOS version
Kauj ruam 4: Preset
Txhawm rau pib lub khoos phis tawm, koj yuav pom cov ntawv qhia zaub mov qhov chaw koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas rau nruab cov kab ke. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev xaiv los ntawm:
- Nruab Nruab CentOS Linux 7 - ib txwm installation;
- Kuaj cov xov xwm no & Nruab Nruab CentOS Linux 7 - Kev teeb tsa tom qab kuaj xyuas lub tshuab tsav rau qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb.
Yog tias koj paub tseeb tias lub kaw lus duab tau kaw tsis muaj qhov yuam kev, tom qab ntawd xaiv thawj qhov khoom thiab nyem SauCov. Txwv tsis pub, xaiv yam khoom thib ob kom paub tseeb tias cov duab kaw tseg tau tsim nyog.
Tom ntej no, lub installer yuav pib.
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev teeb tsa ua ntej yuav muab faib ua theem:
- Xaiv ib hom lus thiab nws ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv. Cov lus ntawm cov ntawv nyeem uas yuav tshwm nyob hauv tus txhim kho yuav nyob ntawm koj xaiv.
- Hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov tseem ceeb, nyem rau ntawm qhov khoom "Hnub thiab sijhawm".
- Hauv lub interface uas tshwm, xaiv koj lub sijhawm caij. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no: nyem rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntawm koj thaj chaw nyob lossis xaiv nws los ntawm cov npe "Thaj av" thiab "Nroog"uas yog nyob rau sab laug sab kaum ntawm lub qhov rais.
Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hom ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm qhia hauv lub sijhawm: 24 teev lossis AM / PMCov. Tus coj hloov yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rais.
Tom qab xaiv lub sij hawm cheeb tsam, nias lub khawm Ua li cas.
- Hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov tseem ceeb, nyem rau ntawm qhov khoom Ntaus ntawv.
- Los ntawm cov npe nyob rau hauv lub qhov rai laug, luag cov keyboard txheej txheem sab laug rau sab xis. Ua li no, taw qhia nws thiab nyem rau ntawm pob khawm uas sib txuas rau hauv qab.
Nco ntsoov: cov keyboard layout saum toj no yog qhov muaj feem thib, uas yog, nws yuav raug xaiv hauv OS tam sim ntawd tom qab thau tawm.
Koj tseem tuaj yeem hloov cov yuam sij kom hloov pauv chaw ntawm qhov system. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum nias "Xaiv" thiab qhia lawv manually (neej ntawd yog Alt + Ua haujlwm) Tom qab teeb tsa, nyem rau ntawm lub pob Ua li cas.
- Hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov tseem ceeb, xaiv "Network & Tus Tswv Lub Npe".
- Teem lub network hloov mus rau sab xis sab xis ntawm lub qhov rais rau Siv tau thiab sau tus tswv tsev npe rau hauv lub thawv tshwj xeeb.
Yog tias Ethernet cov kev tau txais koj tsis nyob hauv hom tsis siv neeg, uas yog, tsis yog los ntawm DHCP, ces koj yuav tsum nkag mus rau lawv tus kheej. Ua li no, nyem rau ntawm pob nyem Ciaj sia.
Ntxiv mus hauv lub tab "General" tso thawj ob nag cim. Qhov no yuav muab kev sib txuas tsis siv neeg Is Taws Nem thaum koj pib lub computer.
Tab Ethernet los ntawm cov npe, xaiv koj lub network adapter uas tus muab kev pabcuam cable txuas nrog.
Tam sim no mus rau hauv lub tab IPv4 Chaw, txhais cov txheej txheem configuration raws li phau ntawv qhia thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov chaw nkag teb txhua txhua cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm koj tus kws khomob.
Tom qab ua tiav cov kauj ruam, nco ntsoov txuag cov kev hloov pauv, tom qab ntawd nyem Ua li cas.
- Nyem rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia zaub mov "Qhov Kev Xaiv Qhov Kev Kawm".
- Hauv daim ntawv "Ib puag ncig ib puag ncig" xaiv lub desktop ib puag ncig uas koj xav pom hauv CentOS 7. Nrog rau nws lub npe, koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov lus qhia luv luv. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov rai "Add-ons rau cov chaw xaiv" xaiv lub software uas koj xav kom nruab rau hauv lub system.
Nco tseg: txhua qhov software teev tseg tuaj yeem rub tawm tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub operating system tiav.
Tom qab ntawd, kev teeb tsa ua ntej ntawm lub kaw lus yav tom ntej suav hais tias tiav. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum muab faib cov disk thiab tsim cov neeg siv khoom.
Kauj Ruam 5: Sib Cais Cov Qauv
Kev faib cov disk hauv kev teeb tsa cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo nyeem phau ntawv hauv qab no.
Thaum pib, koj yuav tsum mus ncaj qha rau lub npov qhov rai. Ua li no:
- Nyob rau hauv installer cov ntawv qhia zaub mov tseem ceeb, xaiv "Qhov Chaw Nruab Nruab".
- Hauv lub qhov rai uas tshwm, xaiv tus tsav ntawm qhov CentOS 7 yuav raug teeb tsa, thiab xaiv lub pob hloov ntawm thaj chaw "Lwm cov kev xaiv cia" nyob hauv txoj haujlwm "Kuv yuav hloov kho tshooj"Cov. Tom qab uas nyem Ua li cas.
Nco tseg: yog tias koj txhim kho CentOS 7 ntawm lub hard drive huv, ces xaiv "tsim partitions cia."
Koj tam sim no nyob hauv lub npav qhov rai. Piv txwv siv daim disk ntawm cov partitions tau tsim lawm, hauv koj rooj plaub lawv yuav tsis tau. Yog tias tsis muaj chaw seem ntawm lub hard disk, tom qab ntawd txhawm rau nruab OS, koj yuav tsum xub faib nws los ntawm kev faib tawm qhov tsis tsim nyog. Qhov no yog ua tiav raws li hauv qab no:
- Xaiv qhov muab faib koj xav rho tawm. Hauv peb li "/ khau raj".
- Nyem rau feem khawm "-".
- Paub meej tias qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm nias lub pob Rho tawm nyob rau hauv lub qhov rai uas tshwm.
Tom qab ntawv, tshooj yuav raug lwv. Yog tias koj xav kom ua tiav koj lub disk ntawm partitions, tom qab ntawd nqa tawm cov haujlwm no nrog txhua nyias.
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tsim cov partitions rau kev txhim kho CentOS 7. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no: cia li thiab nws tus kheej. Qhov thib ib yog xaiv cov khoom "Nyem qhov no los tsim lawv tau.".
Tab sis nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias tus txhim kho muaj los tsim 4 ntu: tsev, hauv paus, / khau raj thiab seem sib puav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav cia li faib qee qhov nqi ntawm lub cim xeeb rau txhua ntawm lawv.
Yog tias qhov cim zoo sib xws rau koj, nyem Ua li castxwv tsis pub, koj tuaj yeem tsim txhua tshooj tsim nyog ntawm koj tus kheej. Tam sim no peb yuav qhia koj seb yuav ua li cas:
- Nyem rau ntawm lub pob nrog lub cim "+"los qhib mount point creation qhov rai.
- Nyob rau hauv lub qhov rai uas tshwm, xaiv qhov mount kis thiab qhia kom meej qhov loj ntawm qhov muab faib yuav tsim.
- Nias lub khawm "Tom ntej".
Tom qab tsim ntu, koj tuaj yeem hloov qee qhov tsis raug nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub qhov rais installer.
Nco tseg: yog tias koj tsis muaj kev paub txaus hauv kev faib cov disks, tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau cov muab faib tsim tsis pom zoo. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, cov txhim kho teeb tsa cov kev teeb tsa ua kom zoo tshaj plaws.
Paub yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim cov partitions, faib cov tsav raws li koj xav tau. Thiab nias lub pob nyem Ua li casCov. Ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, nws pom zoo kom koj tsim qhov kev faib tawm hauv paus, taw qhia los ntawm cov cim "/" thiab seem sib pauv - "sib pauv".
Tom qab koj nias Ua li cas lub qhov rai yuav tshwm sim uas txhua qhov kev hloov pauv yuav teev. Nyeem tsab ntawv ceeb toom kom zoo, thiab, tsis txhob ceeb toom dab tsi superfluous, nias lub pob nyem Txais HloovCov. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg hauv daim npe nrog kev ua dhau los, nyem "Ncua tseg thiab rov qab los teeb tsa partitions".
Tom qab muab faib ua disk, kawg, kawg theem ntawm txhim kho CentOS 7 cov kab ke ua haujlwm tseem nyob.
Kauj Ruam 6: Ua tiav Installation
Thaum ua tiav daim disk teeb tsa, koj yuav raug coj mus rau cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm lub chaw nruab, qhov chaw koj yuav tsum nyem "Pib installation".
Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav raug coj mus rau ib lub qhov rais Cov Neeg Siv Khoom Nyiamqhov twg ob peb kauj ruam yooj yim yuav tsum tau ua:
- Ua ntej tshaj, teeb tus password rau superuser. Ua li no, nyem rau ntawm qhov khoom "Hauv paus lo lus zais".
- Hauv thawj kem, sau koj lo lus zais, thiab tom qab ntawd retype nws hauv kab ntawv thib ob, tom qab ntawd nyem Ua li cas.
Nco tseg: yog tias koj sau ib lo lus zais luv luv, tom qab koj nias "Ua tiav" lub kaw lus yuav hais kom koj nkag mus rau qhov nyuaj dua. Cov lus no tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej los ntawm nias lub khawm "Finish" thib ob lub sijhawm.
- Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tsim tus neeg siv tshiab thiab muab nws rau cov thawj coj cov cai. Qhov no yuav ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg hauv system. Txhawm rau pib, nyem rau ntawm Tsim Tus Neeg Siv.
- Hauv qhov rai tshiab koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub npe nkag, nkag mus thiab teeb tus password.
Thov nco tseg: kom sau lub npe, koj tuaj yeem siv txhua hom lus thiab ntaub ntawv ntawm tsiaj ntawv, thaum tus ID nkag mus yuav tsum raug ntaus nkag nrog siv tus ntawv qis thiab lus Askiv keyboard teeb.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab ua kom tus neeg siv tsim cov tswj hwm los ntawm khij lub khoom sib xws.
Txhua lub sijhawm no, thaum koj tsim tus neeg siv thiab teeb tus password rau tus lej superuser, lub kaw lus tau nruab rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau. Thaum txhua yam ntawm cov saum toj no tau ua tiav, nws tseem yuav tos txog qhov kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem. Koj tuaj yeem taug nws txoj kev nce qib los ntawm qhov ntsuas tau coj piv rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rais nruab.
Sai li txoj hlua hle mus txog qhov kawg, koj yuav tsum pib dua lub computer. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nyem lub khawm nrog tib lub npe, tom qab tshem lub USB flash drive lossis CD / DVD-ROM nrog duab ntawm OS ntawm lub computer.
Thaum lub computer pib, GRUB ntawv qhia tshwm, uas koj yuav tsum xaiv lub operating system pib. Hauv tsab xov xwm, CentOS 7 raug teeb tsa ntawm lub hard drive huv, yog li nws tsuas muaj ob qho kev nkag rau hauv GRUB:
Yog tias koj tau nruab ib qho CentOS 7 ntawm lwm lub operating system, yuav muaj kab ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Txhawm rau pib qhov system koj nyuam qhuav teeb, koj yuav tsum xaiv "CentOS Linux 7 (Core), nrog Linux 3.10.0-229.e17.x86_64".
Xaus
Tom qab koj pib CentOS 7 dhau los ntawm GRUB bootloader, koj yuav tsum xaiv tus neeg tsim thiab sau nws tus password. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, koj yuav raug coj mus rau lub desktop, yog tias ib qho tau raug xaiv los nruab thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm cov kab ke. Yog tias koj tau ua txhua qhov kev ua uas tau piav qhia hauv cov lus qhia, tom qab ntawd tsis tas yuav kho lub system, uas nws tau ua dhau los, txwv tsis pub qee lub ntsiab tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raug.
