BIOS (los ntawm Lus Askiv. Basic Input / Output System) - qhov yooj yim nkag / tso tawm system, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau pib lub computer thiab kev teeb tsa qis ntawm nws cov khoom siv. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia nws seb nws ua haujlwm, nws yog npaj rau thiab nws muaj haujlwm li cas.
BIOS
Lub cev, BIOS yog txheej microprograms soldered mus rau hauv lub nti ntawm lub motherboard. Yog tias tsis muaj lub cuab yeej no, lub khoos phis tawm tsuas yog tsis paub tias yuav ua li cas tom qab fais fab tuag - qhov twg los thauj cov haujlwm ntawm, ntawm qhov ceev ceev yuav tsum tau kiv, seb puas muaj lub zog qhib los ntawm nias lub pob nyem lossis cov keyboard, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis yog yuav tsum meej pem "BIOS Teeb" (cov ntawv qhia zaub mov xiav uas koj tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm nias qee lub pob ntawm cov keyboard thaum lub computer pib) nrog lub BIOS xws li. Thawj tus tsuas yog ib qho ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm ob peb cov kev zov me nyuam kaw ntawm lub ntsiab BIOS nti.
Tej daim BIOS
Cov ntsiab lus sau / tso zis hluav taws xob tsuas yog sau rau cov khoom tsis-hloov pauv. Ntawm lub system board, nws zoo li lub microcircuit, tom ntej no yog lub roj teeb.
Qhov kev txiav txim siab no vim yog tias BIOS yuav tsum ua haujlwm ib txwm ua, tsis hais yuav muaj hluav taws xob nyob hauv PC puas lossis tsis muaj. Lub nti yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm lwm yam, vim tias yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam, tom qab ntawd yuav tsis muaj cov lus qhia hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm lub computer uas yuav tso cai rau nws los tso lub OS lossis thov siv tam sim no rau lub system board tsheb npav.
Muaj ob lub kis ntawm uas BIOS tuaj yeem ntsia tau:
- ERPROM (Erasable, reprogrammable ROM) - cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov chips tsuas tuaj yeem muab lwv tawm vim tias kis los ntawm ultraviolet qhov chaw. Nov yog hom khoom siv uas tsis tshua siv uas tsis siv ntxiv lawm.
- Eeprom (hluav taws xob lwv, reprogrammable ROM) - kev xaiv niaj hnub, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem los ntawm lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, uas tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob tshem cov nti ntawm daim lev. cov laug cam. Ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no, koj tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov BIOS, uas tso cai rau koj kom nce PC kev ua tau zoo, nthuav cov npe khoom siv txhawb los ntawm lub motherboard, thiab kho cov yuam kev thiab ua tsis tiav los ntawm nws cov chaw tsim khoom.
Nyeem ntxiv: Kev hloov kho BIOS hauv lub khoos phis tawm
Cov Ntsej Muag BIOS
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm BIOS yog theem qis, kev teeb tsa kho vajtse ntawm cov khoom siv tau nruab rau hauv lub khoos phis tawm. Cov niaj zaus "BIOS Teeb" yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov no. Nrog nws cov kev pab koj tuaj yeem:
- Teem lub sijhawm system;
- Teeb lub luag haujlwm pib, uas yog, hais kom meej cov cuab yeej los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum xub muab tso rau hauv RAM, thiab hauv kev txiav txim dab tsi los ntawm cov seem;
- Pab los yog tua lub lag luam ntawm cov Cheebtsam, teeb lub zog rau lawv thiab ntau ntxiv.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm BIOS
Thaum lub koos pij tawj pib tawm, yuav luag txhua qhov sib txuas hauv nws tig mus rau BIOS nti rau cov lus qhia ntxiv. Qhov kev ntsuas fais fab ntawm tus kheej no hu ua POST (lub zog ntawm kev ntsuas tus kheej). Yog tias cov cheebtsam uas tsis muaj lub PC yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm (RAM, ROM, cov khoom siv nkag / tso tawm, thiab lwm yam) tau dhau mus ua tiav kev ntsuas, lub BIOS pib nrhiav cov ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov operating system (MBR). Yog tias nws pom nws, tom qab ntawv OS tswj cov khoom seem thiab thauj khoom. Tam sim no, nyob ntawm lub operating system, lub BIOS hloov chaw ua tiav tswj cov khoom sib txuas rau nws (ib txwm muaj rau Windows thiab Linux) lossis tsuas yog muab kev nkag tsis tau (MS-DOS). Tom qab thauj cov OS, lub lag luam BIOS tuaj yeem raug txiav txim siab ua tiav. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no yuav tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm pib tshiab, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd.
BIOS neeg siv sib cuam tshuam
Txhawm rau nkag mus rau hauv BIOS cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab hloov qee qhov tsis raug hauv nws, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum nias tus khawm tib lub sijhawm thaum PC pib. Tus yuam sij no yuav txawv nyob ntawm leej niam lub khw tsim khoom. Feem ntau nws "F1", "F2", "ESC" lossis "RHO TAWM".
Cov ntawv qhia ua noj / ntim ntawm tag nrho cov tuam ntxhab ntawm motherboard zoo li kwv yees li qub. Koj tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tias lawv yuav tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb (teev hauv ntu hu ua "BIOS Functions" ntawm cov khoom no).
Saib ntxiv: Yuav ua li cas nkag mus rau hauv BIOS hauv lub computer
Kom txog thaum muaj kev hloov pauv, lawv yuav tsis thov mus rau PC. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tib zoo thiab kho txhua yam, vim hais tias ib qho kev ua yuam kev hauv BIOS nqis tuaj yeem ua rau lub khoos phis tawm ntawm kev thauj khoom, thiab tsawg kawg, qee qhov ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse yuav poob. Nws tuaj yeem yog tus tsim ua haujlwm yog tias koj tsis kho cov kev sib hloov ceev ntawm lub ntsuas txias kom txias nws, lossis lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, yog tias koj faib cov khoom hluav taws xob rau cov niam tsev - muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab ntau yam ntawm lawv tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov cuab yeej siv. Qhov zoo, muaj POST uas tuaj yeem tsim tawm cov lej yuam kev rau tus saib, thiab yog tias muaj cov neeg hais lus, nws tuaj yeem tawm suab cov suab lus uas kuj qhia tau qhov yuam kev.
Rov pib kho BIOS tuaj yeem pab tshem tawm qee qhov kev ua tsis zoo. Koj tuaj yeem paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov no hauv tsab xov xwm ntawm peb lub vev xaib uas tau hais hauv qhov txuas hauv qab no.
Nyeem ntxiv: Rov qab kho BIOS
Xaus
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, lub tswvyim ntawm BIOS, nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, microcircuit uas nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau, thiab qee cov yam ntxwv raug txiav txim siab. Peb cia siab tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau ntxim nyiam rau koj thiab tso cai rau koj los kawm ib yam tshiab lossis rov ua dua txoj kev paub tshiab.
