Cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm lub kaw lus hnub thiab sijhawm ua ke tsis yog qhov tshwm sim, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua teeb meem ntau. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsis xis nyob ib txwm, cov no tuaj yeem sib tsoo hauv cov kev zov me nyuam uas nkag mus rau cov neeg tsim kho cov servers lossis qee yam kev pabcuam kom tau txais ntau cov ntaub ntawv. OS cov kev hloov kho tshiab kuj tseem yuav tshwm sim nrog cov uas tsis. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau tus cwj pwm ntawm cov kab ke no thiab yuav tshem tawm li cas.
Lub sijhawm tsis dhau ntawm PC
Muaj ntau lub laj thawj rau kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm lub kaw lus moos. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg siv lawv tus kheej. Ntawm no yog cov feem ntau:
- Ib lub roj teeb BIOS (lub roj teeb) uas tau tawg nws lub neej pab tau.
- Cov sijhawm ntawm cheeb tsam tsis raug.
- Cov neeg tawm suab ntawm cov kev pab cuam zoo li "mus sib kho pib".
- Kis kev ua si.
Ntxiv mus, peb yuav tham kom meej txog kev daws cov teeb meem no.
Vim li cas 1: Lub roj teeb tau tuag lawm
Qhov BIOS yog ib qho kev pabcuam me me uas tau sau tseg ntawm cov nti tshwj xeeb. Nws tswj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub ntsiab ntawm lub motherboard thiab khaws cov kev hloov hauv cov chaw hauv nco. Lub sijhawm kaw lus tseem suav tau siv BIOS. Rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm, microcircuit yuav tsum muaj lub zog hluav taws xob, uas tau muab los ntawm lub roj teeb ntxig rau hauv lub qhov (socket) ntawm motherboard.
Yog tias lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub roj teeb los xaus, tom qab ntawd lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm nws yuav tsis txaus los xam thiab txuag lub sijhawm. Cov tsos mob ntawm "tus kab mob" yog raws li nram no:
- Nquag rub tawm ntau zaus, ua rau cov txheej txheem nres ntawm BIOS nyeem theem.
- Tom qab pib lub kaw lus, lub sijhawm thiab hnub tim uas tau muab lub khoos phis tawm tua tau pom nyob ntawm thaj chaw ceeb toom.
- Lub sijhawm rov pib kho dua rau hnub ua khoom ntawm motherboard lossis BIOS.
Kev daws qhov teeb meem yog yooj yim heev: tsuas yog hloov lub roj teeb nrog ib lub tshiab. Thaum xaiv nws, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau daim foos foos. Peb xav tau - CR2032Cov. Qhov voltage ntawm cov ntsiab yog tib yam - 3 volts. Muaj lwm cov qauv ntawm cov "ntsiav tshuaj" uas sib txawv hauv cov tuab, tab sis lawv cov installation yuav nyuaj.
- Peb qhib lub khoos phis tawm, yog li ntawd, txiav tawm tag nrho los ntawm qhov hluav taws xob.
- Peb qhib lub kaw lus system thiab pom qhov chaw uas lub roj teeb raug ntsia. Pom nws yooj yim.
- Maj mam rub lub tab nrog daim nyias nyias los yog rab riam, peb tshem tawm cov qub "ntsiav tshuaj".
- Nruab qhov tshiab.
Tom qab cov kev nqis tes no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm BIOS rau lub chaw teeb tsa lub siab, tab sis yog tias cov txheej txheem tau ua sai sai, qhov no yuav tsis tshwm sim. Nws tsim nyog saib xyuas rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawd yog tias koj tau teeb tsa qhov tsim nyog uas yuav sib txawv hauv qhov muaj nuj nqis los ntawm qhov ua tsis tau, thiab koj yuav tsum cawm lawv.
Qhov 2: Lub Sij Hawm Thaj Chaw
Kev hloov kho tsis raug ntawm txoj siv sia ua rau qhov tseeb tias lub sijhawm dhau los lossis nrawm rau ob peb teev. Cov ntsiab lus feeb raug qhia meej. Nrog rau cov ntawv hlau thaiv, qhov tseem ceeb tau cawm tsuas yog kom txog thaum lub PC reboots. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov teeb meem, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab cheeb tsam lub sijhawm koj nyob hauv thiab xaiv cov khoom raug hauv cov chaw. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog qhov txhais tau, ces koj tuaj yeem tiv toj Google lossis Yandex nrog kev thov ntawm daim foos "tau lub sij hawm cheeb tsam los ntawm nroog".
Saib hauv no: Teeb meem los txiav txim lub sijhawm ntawm Chav
Qhov rai 10
- Nyem LMB ib zaug ntawm xoob moos hauv qhov system tais thiab ua raws kab ntawv txuas "Hnub thiab sijhawm xaiv".
- Nrhiav qhov thaiv Muaj Cov Lus Txog thiab nyem rau ntawm "Kev qhia hnub tim thiab sijhawm sijhawm, thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam".
- Ntawm no peb xav tau ib qhov txuas "Teem hnub thiab sijhawm".
- Hauv qhov rai uas qhib, nyem rau lub pob kom hloov lub sijhawm thaj chaw.
- Hauv daim ntawv teev nco-down, xaiv cov nqi uas xav tau coj los siv rau peb qhov chaw nyob, thiab nyem Ua liCov. Txhua lub ntsuas cua qhov rai tuaj yeem raug kaw.
Qhov rai 8
- Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub moos teeb tsa hauv "yim", sab laug nyem ntawm lub moos, thiab tom qab ntawd txuas rau kev txuas "Hloov hnub tim thiab sijhawm teev".
- Cov kev txiav txim txuas ntxiv yog tib yam li hauv Win 10: nyem rau ntawm lub pob Hloov Sijhawm Thaj Tsam thiab teeb tus nqi yam xav ua. Tsis nco qab nias nce Ua li.
Qhov rai 7
Kev siv dag siv uas yuav tsum tau ua los ua lub sijhawm ntawm thaj chaw nyob rau hauv "xya" rov hais dua qhov ntawd rau Win 8. Cov npe ntawm cov tsis thiab txuas yog qhov qub, lawv qhov chaw zoo ib yam.
Qhov rai XP
- Peb pib lub sijhawm teeb tsa los ntawm ob-nias LMB ntawm lub moos.
- Lub qhov rai yuav qhib rau qhov uas peb mus rau ntawm lub tab Lub sij hawm cheeb tsamCov. Xaiv yam uas xav tau rau hauv daim ntawv teev xaiv tseg thiab nyem Thov.
Vim li cas 3: Activators
Qee cov phiaj xwm rub tawm los ntawm cov peev txheej faib tawm cov ntawv muaj nyob hauv pirated yuav muaj cov neeg ua kom nrog. Ib qho ntawm hom hu ua "rov qab pib dua" thiab tso cai rau koj los txuas lub sijhawm ntawm kev sim ntawm lub software them nyiaj. Cov "neeg tsoo" no coj txawv. Qee tus ua mimic lossis "ua kom yuam kev" qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub xaib, thaum lwm tus txhais cov sijhawm ntawm lub system mus rau hnub tim uas qhov kev pab cuam tau nruab. Peb txaus siab nyob rau hauv, raws li koj yuav kwv yees, tom kawg.
Vim tias peb tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tau tias hom kev ua kom zoo li cas siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv faib khoom, tsuas muaj ib txoj kev los daws qhov teeb meem no: tshem tawm cov haujlwm pirated, lossis zoo dua txhua lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, koj yuav tsum tso tseg kev siv ntawm software. Yog tias muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb xav tau, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau cov qauv dawb uas yuav luag txhua cov khoom lag luam nrov.
Qhov laj thawj 4: Kab Mob
Cov kab mob ua lub npe hu ua malware. Nkag mus rau peb lub khoos phis tawm, lawv tuaj yeem pab tus neeg tsim khoom nyiag cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug lossis cov ntawv pov thawj, ua kom lub tsheb dhau los ua tus tswv cuab ntawm bot network, lossis tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo. Kab laum tshem tawm lossis puas rau cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, hloov chaw, ib qho tuaj yeem ua ke nyob ntawm lub sijhawm. Yog tias cov kev daws teeb meem tau piav saum toj no tsis daws qhov teeb meem, tom qab ntawd lub koos pis tawj feem ntau yuav kis tau.
Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob nrog kev pab ntawm software tshwj xeeb lossis los ntawm kev hu rau cov kws tshaj lij ntawm cov web tshwj xeeb.
Nyeem ntxiv: Tiv thaiv lub koos pij tawj tiv thaiv
Xaus
Cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev rov pib dua lub sijhawm ntawm lub PC yog rau feem ntau muaj kev nkag tau txawm tias cov neeg siv tsis tau tshaj plaws. Muaj tseeb, yog tias nws los txog rau kev kis mob nrog kab mob, tom qab ntawm no, koj yuav tsum tau tinker zoo nkauj. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau tshem tawm qhov teeb tsa ntawm cov hacked cov kev pabcuam thiab mus ntsib rau cov chaw muaj lus nug, zoo li nruab ib lub khoos kas antivirus uas tuaj yeem cawm koj ntawm ntau cov teeb meem.
